America’s system of government was unprecedented when it was established. The Founders knew it was the nature of government throughout history to amass unbridled powers. For this reason, they deliberately designed a system of indispensable checks and balances, both internal (separation of powers) and external (state powers). They called this new system a “Compound Republic” because the state and federal governments were to “control each other” providing a “double security to the rights of the people.” (Madison, Federalist 51).